Se e ra h a s a Mo ve me nt
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means of Umar ibn Khattab or Abu Jahl ibn Hisham.’ This prayer
was accepted in the former’s case. In the sixth year of the Prophet’s
mission, Umar ibnKhattab accepted Islam.Alongwith him, several
other people converted, and the number of Muslims increased to
forty. During this period the Muslims had a hideout in Dar Arqam.
According to the historian, Ibn Kathir, thirty-nine people used
to gather there. But such a small number could not combat the
might of the conventional system, which in numbers and resources
was far stronger. It was not long before, the oppression of the
Muslims started again. The Prophet was subjected to every form
of persecution, but all attempts to kill him failed. The tribal system
was still protective of the Prophet. No one could dare to take his
life, for to do so would have been to declare war on the whole of
the Prophet’s tribe. He was not the only Prophet to be defended in
this way. The Prophet Shu’ayb’s people also refrained from killing
him for the same reason, despite their desire to do so:
“They said: ‘O Shu’ayb, we do not understand much of what you
say to us. And we see you weak among us. But for your tribe, we
would have stoned you. You are not dear to us.’” (Quran, 11:91)
The Quraysh once presented a demand to the chief of the Banu
Hashim, the Prophet’s uncle, Abu Talib, that he should expel his
nephew from the tribe. Only then would they be able to slay the
Prophet. Abu Talib’s honour prevented him from taking this step.
When Abu Talib, at the Quraysh’s behest, asked his nephew to
stop criticizing their gods, the Prophet became concerned that his
uncle was going to hand him over to the Quraysh. But Abu Talib
immediately put his nephew’s mind at rest. ‘By God, I will never
hand you over to anyone,’ he told him.
(Tahzeeb Seerat Ibn Hisham,
p. 60)
When all else failed, the Quraysh decided, in the seventh year
of the Prophet’s mission, to ostracize the Banu Hashim. Abu Talib
took his nephew, and the whole of his family, out of Makkah, and
they took up their abode in a ravine known as Sheb Abi Talib.
Except for a few wild trees, there was nothing in this mountain
pass. For three years Abu Talib’s family lived on the leaves and
