T h e V i s i o n o f I s l a m
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without a human body. Similarly, worship may be a psychological
reality, but it cannot be conceived of without external, God-
ordained religious rites.
Although the word ‘worship’ covers the entire Shari‘ah, in
the sense that it embraces whatever man does to follow God’s
commandments and to seek His pleasure, it is his adoration for
God which provides the stimulus for all of his actions. Basically
and primarily, worship (
Ibadat
) denotes this particular relationship
between man and God. When a man is saying
salat
he is directly
engaged in the worship of God. He bows before the Almighty
Who has no equal.Whereas, when he obeys God’s commandments
relating to moral and social dealings with his fellowmen, he fulfils
his duties in relation to his fellowmen. From the point of view of
performance, these requirements are as obligatory as particular
acts of worship. But the difference in nature between the two
must be kept in view, for otherwise the true concept of religion
cannot be properly understood. While human duties are always
contingent upon circumstances, religious duties are absolute.
Let us take an example to clarify the above statement. If,
according to God’s law, it is the duty of a Muslim to distribute to
certain entitled people whatever he receives in inheritance, this
does not mean that everyone must strive to acquire property so
that this religious obligation may be fulfilled. It means rather
that if a Muslim should receive an inheritance—some property
or wealth—his faith demands that he deals with it according to
the commandment regarding inheritance. It is a duty which is
obligatory only on having inherited something, far from it being
incumbent on every individual in an absolute sense, as worship is.
This explanation of worship makes it clear that the relationship
of love and fear of God is not just to serve as an “incentive” in
practical life, but is rather the actual goal that we must strive to
achieve in this world. All our acts have one aim—to become the
means to the psychological discovery which is known as ‘entering
into a relationship withGod’ and ‘reaching God.’That is to say that
the relation between God and man is not just one of supposition
