The Arctic
An American called Robert Peary, in 1909.
9
Keeping warm
Arctic animals
have to endure
bitterly cold
weather. Walruses
have a layer of
blubber (fat) to keep
them warm. Polar
bears and reindeer
have thick coats of fur.
Pole to pole
The Arctic tern spends
most of its life flying.
It breeds in the Arctic
during the northern
summer. Then it flies
all the way to the
Antarctic, where it
stays during the
southern summer.
Killer whale
The North Pole
Seal
Iceberg
The Arctic tern catches small
fish and shrimps by swooping
across the surface of the sea.
Walrus
Musk ox
Arctic wolf
Tromsø
Chukchi
Sea
Laptev
Sea
Kara
Sea
Arctic
Ocean
N
o
v
a
y
a
Z
e
m
l
y
a
Svalbard
Franz
Josef
Land
G
r
e
e
n
l
a
n
d
S
e
a
N
o
r
w
e
g
i
a
n
S
e
a
Barents
Sea
Murmansk
Reindeer
Noril’sk
A
r
c
t
i
c
C
i
r
c
l
e
R
u
s
s
i
a
n
F
e
d
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
